Jun Xu 8 October 2022

I think the Big Bang theory is wrong. One of the proofs is the existence of blue-shifted galaxies. How is it possible that thousands of blue-shifted galaxies are approaching the Milky Way in the accelerated expansion of the universe?
Edwin Hubble's observations can be explained by Newton's first law: A body remains at rest, or in motion at a constant speed in a straight line, unless it is subjected to a force.
Suppose all galaxies move at a constant speed in a straight line. Let us start with two galaxies. One is our Milky Way and the other is any other galaxy. The distance between them remains unchanged only if they move in the same direction and at the same speed. Otherwise, the distance increases or decreases over time.
If the distance increases, each galaxy will see the other move away with the redshift.
If the distance decreases, each galaxy will see the other get closer with the blueshift, but once a blue-shifted galaxy overtakes the Milky Way, it becomes red-shifted and moves away from us. Clearly, the more time passes, the more blue-shifted galaxies become red-shifted. After billions of years, only a small fraction of galaxies remains blue-shifted.

Joe Bakhos 6 October 2022

Thank you for this article. I have my own views, but I am very happy to see at least a few researchers challenging GR-LCDM. My own hypothesis was submitted in March of this year, BEFORE the recent Webb results. It is Cyclic Gravity and Cosmology (CGC). CGC posits an eternal universe forever alternating gently between eras of expansion and contraction, but this motion is in Euclidean space; i.e. space does not stretch. CGC explains the effects that GR-LCDM explains with dark matter and dark energy, but CGC's explanation does not employ either of these two crutches. Rather, CGC adapts GR, and shows that these effects are simply the operation of gravity.

In CGC, there is no big bang, no inflation, no dark matter, no dark energy, no stretching space, no singularities. It is currently under submission to another journal. A preprint may be downloaded at vixra. Author is Joseph Bakhos. Title is Chasing Oumuamua: An apology for a cyclic gravity and cosmology, consistent with an adaptation of general relativity.

Bud Rapanault 5 October 2022

"Everyone would be keen to abandon the theory if there’s a better alternative, nobody’s married to the Big Bang theory.”

That is a typically disingenuous remark from a member of the cosmology establishment. There is no serious support or funding for research into non-expanding models of the Cosmos within the scientific community. If an alternative to the standard model is not being sought within the cosmological community where is it supposed to come from, divine revelation?

"What eventually led to the shift to the Copernican model was not new observations, but a collective disillusionment with Ptolemy’s model and the promise that the new theory could overcome some of its problems."

That is lousy history. The heliocentric model replaced geocentrism once Kepler, using Tycho Brahe's extensive data set, developed his laws of planetary motion. Copernicus's original heliocentric model retained circular orbits which made it a predictive failure.

Mike W 5 October 2022

Lerner’s objection that the apparent size of early galaxies is too small is answered by the diagram at the top of the article. Galaxies weren’t formed until after inflation, when the size of the Universe was only slightly smaller, proportionally, than it is now. That’s why the apparent size of early galaxies is similar to what it would be in a steady-state universe.

Caleigh Fisher 5 October 2022

Neutron decay cosmology is the physical process, path of least action solution to black hole paradoxes, dark energy, dark matter and critical density maintenance.
Neutrons/mass which eventually contacts event horizons becomes the vacuum energy for one single Planck second then re-emerges from lowest density points of space, deep voids, where it decays, as Neutrons do, into atomic hydrogen.
This decay process, from near point particle to one cubic meter, is a volume increase of 10^45. This is Lambda, the expansion to compensate for gravity, dark energy.
The decay product, amorphous atomic hydrogen, initially doesn't have a stable orbital electron so can't emit or absorb photons. Dark matter.
In time the hydrogen stabilizes and scintillates and follows usual evolution pathway until in the far distant future, 13.8 billion light years or so, it is again at the edge of event horizon.
Neutron decay cosmology