Feminism is at a crossroads. On the one hand, pop stars such as Beyoncé and Miley Cyrus have proudly declared themselves feminists. On the other, feminist writers and activists are subjected to a terrifying barrage of threats and abuse from online commenters. In November 2014, the gender pay gap for all UK employees (full-time and part-time) was the lowest on record. Meanwhile, according to a 2013 survey by the UK government, approximately 85,000 women are raped on average in England and Wales every year. Is feminism still a radical tool for positive change? Or can it only serve to support the status quo?

Finn Mackay specialises in feminist activism at the University of Bristol’s School for Policy Studies. In 2004 she founded the London Feminist Network, one of the largest grassroots feminist activist organisations in the country.

We spoke to Mackay about feminism’s successes and its future challenges, and why idealism still matters.

A common picture of today is that women’s rights have never been better. Do you think this is a fair representation, or is the fight for gender equality more urgent than ever before?

A lot of progress has been made, but this hasn't been handed to us on a plate or bestowed upon us by successive benevolent governments. The rights we have were hard won and they were won by feminist activists before us, going back generations to the first wave of feminism in the 1900s. In the 1970s during what is known as the “second wave” of feminism, activists secured for us vital services such as refuges and helplines, which provide support today to women, children and men affected by domestic abuse, rape and sexual violence.