With evidence mounting against the standard model of cosmology, Modified Newtonian Dynamics, or MOND, is the strongest contender. But in a recent iai News article, Idranil Banik argued that new research into wide binary stars falsifies MOND. Here, Pavel Kroupa and Jan Pflamm-Altenburg argue that data around wide binary stars are beset by uncertainty, bringing into question what, if anything, can be determined from them at the present – and ask whether a single test, even if carried out to the highest confidence, is sufficient to falsify an otherwise successful theory.
There is increasing evidence that Newton's universal law of gravitation does not work for astronomical systems. The leading contender for a better theory that has made remarkable predictions and has been shown to naturally account for a large range of astronomical observations is Milgromian dynamics, or MOND. In a recent iai News article, Indranil Banik argues that MOND is wrong, based on predicting forces in wide binary stars. These are systems of two paired stars gravitationally bound in a distant orbit around one another. But the quality of data we have for wide binary stars is unreliable – is it therefore fair to throw out MOND, which otherwise works better than Newtonian gravitation, solely on this basis? And how much can we infer from one single test, even if that test appears to have high validity?
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